Are Liberal Democrats Suspicious of State Power free essay sample

‘Liberal democrats are suspicious of state power, yet support big government in the pursuit of economic management and social reform’. The liberal democrats were formed in 1988 from The Social Democrat party, set up by four ex labour members. Currently the liberal democrats have formed a coalition government with the Conservatives. Classical liberals traditionally believe in negative liberty when it comes to state power (The idea that the state should have as little intervention as possible, socially and economically to enhance the freedom and innovation of the individual, therefore not infringing basic, natural rights). Classical Liberals prefer to keep the state to a minimum however with enough framework to provide basic laws prohibiting other regarding actions and to regulate government power. These views where portrayed by many liberal philosophers such as Adam Smith, in regards to economic management; he believed that free trade and free markets where fundamental to successful economic growth, as individuals, consumers and business would create competition and feel confident within the economy. We will write a custom essay sample on Are Liberal Democrats Suspicious of State Power? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However more modern liberals believe in a form of positive liberty (More state intervention for progression by providing individuals with the tools to create a basic standard of living to develop there social and economic lives, with systems such as welfare) TH green believed there was a need to embrace positive liberty as he stated that individual liberty was only achievable under favourable social and economic circumstances (Creating the welfare system). However today’s contemporary liberal democrats have a combined belief of both positive and negative liberty. There is potential to suggest that there is a contradiction within the lib dems with regards to their position on the state. There is evidence to prove the liberal democrats are suspicious of state power and are in favour of not only reducing the power the UK governments but devolving that power back to the people. For example in the 2010 lib dem manifesto a proposal for a proportional representative electoral system would replace the First past the post system as it is argued it would return a more representative constituent MP and that it would increase participation as every vote would count therefore increasing the legitimacy of the government and making them accountable to the people and decreasing tate power. A compromise between the coalition parties determined that a referendum would be held in may 2011 to vote on AV, however it was not a fully proportional system. Decentralisation of power from central government to devolved assemblies has also been a strong belief within the liberal democrats as it reduces the power of the central government and returns it to the local area. The lib dems supported the devolution of the Scottish parliament and also within the recent coalition agreement the Welsh devolved assembly has been giving further powers and allowed to become the Welsh parliament with primary legislative power. Lib dems have opposed to socially authoritarian measures such as; ID cards, the idea that each individual would have to be in possession of an identification card which would go against the liberal belief of natural equal rights. Also the majority opposed to the Iraq war. They do however support the Great repeal bill 2010, which will reduce red tape of old legislation to improve progression, the right to publicly fire your MP which enhances parliaments accountability to the public, and the freedom of information’s act, which states that any public authority has a legal obligation to provide date through an approved publications scheme in response to a request. These bills improve individual liberties and freedoms by reducing state power as it allows individuals the right to information and the right to hold their government to account (If believed their work was not satisfactory). The idea of negative liberty to reduce the power of the government is then contradicted as the Liberal democrats promote more state intervention when it comes to economic management.

Research Paper on Snowboarding

Research Paper on Snowboarding Snowboarding is a new sport that is very challenging and is attracting new fans all around the world. Snowboarding has really changed since it was first invented. It has become one of the fastest growing sports in America and the world. People everywhere including me are waiting for the snow to get a chance to go snowboarding. Snowboarding is the cross between surfing and skateboarding. Snowboarding has evolved into a great new sport but when it was first invented in the early 1900’s it was thought to be a child’s toy. Since that time it has changed from a child’s sport to a new competitive sport that features men and woman. Now days there are many competitions for snowboarding. Some people saw snowboarding as an alternative to surfing, skiing, and skateboarding. People who couldn’t buy surfing boards like Jake Burton used snowboarding as an alternative. It was a new sport and cheap to buy a snowboard. People who liked skateboarding saw snowboarding as a new sport that they could make their mark on. Nobody knows who invented the snowboard but in 1929 M.J. â€Å"Jack† Burchett invented one of the first snowboards. He cut out a piece of plywood and tried to secure his feet with some clothesline and horse reins. Thirty years later the next step in snowboarding was taken when Sherman Poppen, a chemical gases engineer invented â€Å"The Snurfer† as a toy for his daughter. Poppen made the â€Å"Snurfer† by bounding two skis together and putting a rope at the nose, so that the rider could hold it and keep it stable. Soon many of his daughter’s friends wanted a â€Å"Snurfer† too. So Poppen licensed his idea to a manufacturer and in 1966 â€Å"The Snurfer† sold over half a million times. In 1979 Poppen left the snowboarding business after Burton came up with the bindings and went back to his old profession. Another inventor was Jake Burton who became interested in snowboarding after taking part in Poppen’s â€Å"Snurfer† competitions that Poppen organized. His parents wouldn’t buy him a surfboard so riding the â€Å"Snurfer† was a new cool thing to do. In 1977 after he finished college Burton moved to Londonderry, Vermont to make money building different types of the Snurfer. He made his first boards out of laminated hardwood. While at a Snurfer competition in 1979 Burton shocked everyone by using his new board which had the first binding. The new binding made a big difference for handling the board and the binding made it easier for him to beat the other riders. In 1969 Dimitrije Milovich started making snowboards after he got the idea from sliding down a hill on a cafeteria plate in college. His snowboards were based on surfboards combined with the way skis work. In 1972 Dimitrije started a new company called â€Å"Winterstick†. He produced lots of snowboards and even got articles in magazines like â€Å"News Week†, â€Å"Playboy†, and â€Å"Power† which gave snowboarding lots of notoriety. In 1980 Milovich left the snowboarding business. He was still known as a very important pioneer of the sport. At the same time that Jake Burton was producing his snowboards Tom Sims produced his first snowboards in 1977. Sims was an avid skateboarder who made a â€Å"snowboard† in a junior high school shop class. He made his out of carpet wood and aluminum. He glued some carpet to the top of a piece of wood and put an aluminum sheeting on the bottom. He started making snowboards in 1977 in his garage with his friend and employee Chuck Barfoot. Barfoot actually made the boards and came up with the â€Å"Flying Yellow Banana†. It was a skateboard deck on top of a plastic shell with skegs. During 1980 Sims signed a skate-snowboarding deal with a big company Vision Sports. Signing the deal helped Sims get out of his financial problems but his friend Barfoot was left out and tried to go into business for himself but couldn’t compete with big competitors like Sims and Burton. The first modern competitive snowboarding contest took place in Leadville, Colorado in 1981. Then snowboarding competition took off from there and became world wide. In 1982 the first national snowboarding race was held in Suicide Six, outside of Woodstock, Vermont. Because of the conditions of the hill the goal of the race appeared to be mostly just surviving the race. The race was on a steep icy downhill run called â€Å"The Face†. Paul Graves put it on and Tom Simms and Jake Burton competed. Doug Bouton wins first place overall. This race marked the last time that snowboards and snurfer’s raced together. In 1983 Jake Burton puts on the national snowboarding championships in Snow Valley. A couple of months later Tom Sims holds the inaugural World Snowboarding Championships at Soda Springs Ski Bowl in Lake Tahoe. That contest featured the first contest with a half pipe. In 1986 the World Snowboarding Championships move from Soda Springs to Colorado. In 1986 a new European snowboarding generation is launched. Then the Europeans began to organize their own regional events like the Swiss Championships in St. Moritz. In 1987 a group of riders and manufacturers form N.A.S.B.A. who’s main goal is to create a unified World Cup tour with the Europeans. In 1988 N.A.S.B.A. got its wish and the first world cup was held in both Europe and the United States. On a interesting note one million dollars is spent on the Victoria World Cup in Japan. It was the most expensive snowboarding contest ever. In 1994 everybody was happy because snowboarding was declared a Winter Olympic sport. It was finally accepted as a real competitive sport. In the 1998 Olympics in Nagano, Japan it was the first time ever that snowboarding was in the Olympics.